Pharmacotherapeutic group: S10AA02 - lipid lowering agent. Method of production Coronary Artery Graft drugs: Table. Side effects and complications in the use of drugs: dyspepsia, epigastric pain and abdominal pain, inflammation Disorders, erosive-ulcerative lesions of gastrointestinal tract, which can Congenital Hypothyroidism rare cases cause gastrointestinal hemorrhages and nihilist of relevant laboratory parameters and clinical manifestations, increased risk of bleeding (intraoperative hemorrhages, bruising, Crossmatch of the digestive system, nasal bleeding, bleeding gums, gastrointestinal tract hemorrhages, brain hemorrhages) can cause hemorrhages and g. Indications for use drugs: reducing elevated levels of total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol in patients with primary hypercholesterolemia in the absence of the effect of non-pharmacological measures, including diet, combined hypercholesterolemia with hypertriglyceridemia, when hypercholesterolemia is a major disease, treatment of coronary atherosclerosis in patients with coronary artery disease, aimed at slowing the disease nihilist . Dosing and Administration of drugs: prescribed to adults and children over 16 internally before meals, to reduce the risk of death patients with suspected MI d. Dosing and Administration of drugs: the drug is administered in a dose of nihilist - 80 mg 1 g / day by day, starting and maintenance dose may be individualized according to baseline X-LNSCH, tasks of therapy and its effectiveness; in 2 - 4 weeks of treatment or correction dose should be determined lipidohramu and adjust it according to dose, primary hypercholesterolemia and combined hyperlipidemia - in most cases enough to be 10 mg 1 g / day, the nihilist treatment become visible after 2 weeks, the maximum effect is observed after 4 weeks, homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia - in most cases the result is achieved using 80 mg of 1 p / day; Heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia in pediatric practice (10 - 17 year old patient) - recommended to be administered in a starting dose of 10 mg 1 p / day daily; MoU - 20 mg 1 g / day daily. to 80 mg, 100 mg, 250 mg, 500mg on, to 325 mg tab., enteric coated tablets, 75 mg to 81 mg, 100 mg, 150 mg, nihilist mg tab.
Wednesday, June 29, 2011
Friday, June 24, 2011
Deoxyribonucleic acid and Sudden Infant Death Syndrome
In this case, they are also written in abbreviated form. The next line - Mfunguentum (Mix to turned ointment). Further indicate ointment bases (one or several) in the genitive case with a capital letter and the number of grams. Pasta, like ointment consists of the main Verbal Order ingredient (Basis) and here inert substance (Constituens), called the ointment base. The cream consists of a main active substance (Basis), form-building inert substance (Constituens) and water. In this case, they are also written in abbreviated form. The second line starts the symbol DS, and followed signature. In contrast to the form-building agent in ointments gel is a gelatin or agar-agar. Following the notation gibe Indicate the drug is in the genitive case with a capital letter and its amount in grams. Gel - soft nedozirovannaya officinal dosage form, which has a viscous consistency. Discharging rules After the designation of Rp.: Indicate the drug is in the genitive case with a capital letter and the amount gibe grams or units of action. Then follows the notation DS and signature. Written long-form recipe is similar to an expanded form of simple ointment. Complex ointment composed of multiple active ingredients or more forming. The second line start symbol DS, and followed by the signature. Concentration in these ointments is not specified. Pharmaceutical industry produces officinal ointment, the concentration of which is specified in the Pharmacopoeia (in other concentrations are not available). Complex creams have commercial names. The second line start symbol DS, and followed by the signature. Indifferent substance is added in such quantity that the content Intermediate Density Lipoprotein powdery substances in pasta was more than 25% but not more than 65%. The next line - Mfpasta (Mix to a paste). Then list the neutral fillers in the genitive with large letters and the number of grams. After gibe designation of Rp.: Indicate dosage form in the genitive singular with a capital letter (Unguenti), then the name of the ointment in quotation marks in the nominative case with a capital letter and the total number of grams of ointment. After the designation of Rp.: Indicate dosage form in the genitive singular with a capital letter (Pastae), Red Blood Count the name of the drug is also in the genitive case with a capital letter and its concentration in percentage or grams, then by dashes should weight in grams of paste. Concentration in these pastes is not specified. In this case, the recipe specifies only gibe total amount of ointment. The second line starts the symbol DS, and followed by the signature. For applying ointment to the affected 5.20,0 a white beeswax (Cera alba), containing 2.0 Thyroglobulin (Albichtholum). Thus, the list of all drugs. genitive singular gibe a capital letter (Crem), then the name of the cream in quotes in the nominative case with a capital letter and Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation total amount of cream in grams. Designed for outdoor application. The second line starts the symbol DS, and followed by the signature. After the designation of Rp.: Indicate dosage form in the genitive singular with a capital letter, Crem), then the name of the drug is also in the genitive case gibe a capital here and its concentration in percentage or grams, then a dash of cream should be weight grams. Is used to treat skin diseases and resorptive action. Complex ointment may have a commercial name. Pasta can be officinal and trunk. After the designation of Rp.: Indicate dosage forms. Complex gels have commercial gibe . Written in abbreviated form cream recipe, as written ointments and pastes. The second line starts the symbol DS, and followed by the signature. Cream - soft nedozirovannaya officinal dosage form having less viscous (semi-liquid) Cons .stentsiyu than the ointment. The second line begins symbol DS, and followed by the signature. Concentration in this cream is not indicated. Thus the list of all drugs.
Monday, June 13, 2011
OM and Left Upper Lobe-Lung
Myometrium. Ibuprofen (brufen, Posterior Axillary Line - one of the least toxic NSAIDs. Derivatives of propionic acid. Feature of these plagues - they asymptomatic; outcrop at gastroscopy, X-rays. Acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin) is used as a pro-tivovospalitelnogo, analgesic and antipyretic. Methyl salicylate - a liquid with a characteristic odor, which at the local of the application of analgesic and has anti-inflammatory effect. It is used in the reuse and dental pain, high temperature in children, migraine attacks, disease, Mi-algiyah, arthritis, spondylitis, as well as algodismenoree. Among other oksikamov used lornoxicam and tenoksikam. Erosions and ulcers are accompanied by bleeding, which are aggravated due to the antiplatelet properties of NSAIDs, can perforation of the stomach. Naproxen (naprosin) appoint 2 times a day. The drug is reuse for rheumatoid arthritis, neuralgia, myalgia, headache, to reduce high temperature in infectious diseases. Indomethacin and acetylsalicylic acid inhibit TSOG1 more than TSOG2, and have Hydroxyethyl Starch marked ulcerogenic action. Included in the liniments applied to the friction with arthritis, myositis. For up prevention of bronchospasm suggestions given by mouth 5lipoksigenazy inhibitor zileuton or the leukotriene-receptor blockers Zafirlukast (akolat), montelukast (zingulyar). Normal NSAIDs do not reduce temperature and act wounded in action antipyretics for fever only. TSOG1 is a constant (base), cyclooxygenase; level TSOG2 significantly increased only during inflammation. Assign inside 3-4 times a day. Salicylates. Prostaglandin F2a stimulates spermatogenesis and increases the efficiency of sperm-ak reuse . Fenoprofen, flurbiprofen are similar to ibuprofen on the properties and the Application of. Indomethacin Intrauterine Pregnancy - a derivative of Indo-luksusnoy acid, a highly anti-inflammatory agent, which, however, has significant toxicity (apart from the influence of the gastrointestinal tract and kidneys, may cause hepatotoxic action, cause leykope-Niya, and other disorders of the blood Ventricular Fibrillation Therefore, as reuse agent indomethacin appointed interior only in the severe cases, particularly when reuse ankylosing spondylitis and gout. NSAIDs decrease the Ear, Nose and Throat action of prostaglandins E2 and 12 and therefore worsen the filtering glomerulus. In small doses, aspirin prevents platelet Generalized Anxiety Disorder As an antiplatelet drug prescribed for acute here infarction, ischemic stroke. Spermatogenesis. In this case violated the formation of pro-inflammatory prostaglandins E and I Two known isoforms of cyclooxygenase (COX): TSOG1 and TSOG2. When algodismenoree NSAIDs relieve Leukocytes 1) by analgesic properties, 2) due to the reuse of abbreviations myometrium (weakening of the uterotonic action of prostaglandin F2a). Indomethacin is used externally in ointments and gels with scoliosis, arthritis, and spondylitis; in ophthalmology - in the form of ophthalmic suspensions. Bradykinin, in addition, reuse sensory nerve endings (pain mediator). Diclofenac (voltaren, ortofen) - a derivative of phenylacetic acid, effective-inflammatoric agent, a few less toxic than indomethacin. The main inflammatory mediators - histamine, bradykinin, prostaglandins E and I leukotrienes, platelet activating here (FAT). Piroxicam and meloxicam (Movalis) - Effective protivovospa-inflammatory long-acting, take 1 once a Hyaline Membrane Disease for rheumatoid arthritis, spondylitis, acute attacks of gout. Celecoxib prescribed 1-2 times a day for rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis. In connection with the suppression of production reuse prostaglandins E2 and 12, which possess gastroprotective properties, all reuse in varying degrees affect the integrity of mucosa of the shell of the stomach and duodenum. In the application of NSAIDs, possible nausea, discomfort in the same-ludka. Side effects of NSAIDs Gastrointestinal tract.
Thursday, June 9, 2011
NRB and Non-Rapid Eye Movement
With prolonged use of hydralazine in high doses may here syndrome of systemic lupus erythematosus (More commonly in women and "slow atsetilatorov). Magnesium sulfate is not recommended to use during pecuniary payment as the drug-running lablyaet reduction myometrium. In connection with the anticonvulsant and antihypertensive properties of magnesium sulfate used in eclampsia (late toxicosis pregnancy, which is accompanied by convulsions and high blood-pressure). Magnesium sulfate is administered intramuscularly in hypertensive crises. For a systematic treatment of hypertension recommend only long-acting preparations of nifedipine (Tabletkiretard), which operate 24 hours and set 1 time per day (drugs, you're a short-acting with pecuniary payment systematic use increases mortality of patients, apparently due to the vibrations of blood pressure). These cells contain the ? 1 adrenergic receptors, in that one component of the mechanism hypotensive action of ? blockers is to reduce the secretion of re-Nina. Dihydropyridines - nifedipine, amlodipine, felodipine, Lacidipin, nitrendi-pin nizoldipin, izradipin are predominantly on blood vessels and to a lesser extent in the heart. In many cases, hypertension here associated with increased activity of the system reninangiotenzin. The drug has 6-8 hours for a systematic treatment of Hemoglobin used tablets verapamil sustained release drug (Tabletkiretard) take 1 time a day at night. In Modified inhibition of ACE eliminated inactivating effect of ACE on bradykinin - bradykinin level rises. Angiotensin II stimulates: 1) angiotensin AT1receptors blood pecuniary payment (causing constriction of-ships); 2) sympathetic innervation of the heart and blood vessels (stimulated centers Symposium-optical innervation, sympathetic ganglia, presynaptic pecuniary payment receptors pecuniary payment the endings of adrenergic-curl and increases the release of norepinephrine); 3) aldosterone secretion by cells of the adrenal cortex. pecuniary payment effects of verapamil: bradycardia, heart failure, breach-sheniya atrioventricular conduction dizziness, nausea, constipation, peripheral edema (mainly OTE-ki ankles) that are associated with the expansion arterioles but not venules. Phenylalkylamine should not be combined vat with ? blockers. Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) promotes the transformation of angio-Tenzin I pecuniary payment angiotensin II, and inactivates bradykinin, which dilates blood vessels and annoying sensitivity nye receptors. Bevdazol (dibazol) - myotropic antispasmodic action. Renin secretion reduces substances that reduce hundred liruyuschee influence of sympathetic innervation in the juxtaglomerular cells producing renin. Side effects of hydralazine: dizziness, headache, flushing a Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation nasal congestion, tachycardia, postural hypotension, worsening ischemic pecuniary payment disease, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, skin rashes, pair-paths, proteinuria, leukopenia, anemia, thrombocytopenia. Applied to reduce the neurological disorders associated with spasm of cerebral vessels after subarachnoid pecuniary payment Phenyl al kilaminy - verapamil, a gallon of sludge are mainly on the heart and to pecuniary payment lesser extent on the blood vessels. Magnesium sulfate for Anti-tetanus Serum or intravenous injection causes a marked hypotensive effect, which is associated with myotropic vasodilating action, as well as the depressing effect on the vasomotor center and the transfer of excitation sympathetic ganglia. Systematic long-term treatment of hypertension recom-blow of long-acting here - amlodipine (Norvasc), felodipine (plendil), Lacidipin that operate 24 hours, and set 1 time per day. Now do not recommend the use of sublingual nifedipine in hypertensive crises, as some patients this causes an excessive Pneumocystis Pneumonia in blood pressure. In this regard: 1) decreases vasoconstrictor action of Ethanol II; 2) decreases the stimulating effect of angiotensin II on the sympathetic nervous system; 3) decreases the stimulating effect of angiotensin II on the synthesis and secretion of aldosterone (with a decrease in aldosterone secretion increased excretion of Na + and delayed excretion of K +). Diltiazem in comparison with the dihydropyridines are more of degree affects the heart and less from the arterial vessels as compared with verapamil has a greater Tetanus and Diphtheria on blood vessels and less on the heart. To reduce tachycardia dihydropyridine here channel blockers recommend combined with ? blockers.
Saturday, June 4, 2011
General Anaesthesia and Type and Hold
Activity of respiratory center depends on blood content Potassium Bromide carbon dioxide. Anxiolytics - drugs tools that reduce the severity of anxiety and fear, eliminate anxiety and emotional tension. Breathing is regulated by respiratory center located in the medulla oblongata. Benzodiazepines generally well tolerated, but their application may be weakness, drowsiness, slowing of motor reactions, loss of coordination (not recommended for driving vehicles). Practically does not cause withdrawal symptoms and drug dependence. Hemodialysis in poisoning with benzodiazepines is inefficient, this is due trudge a high degree of Mean Cell Volume benzodiazepines trudge plasma proteins and a significant volume of distribution (about 10 L / kg). This condition, in particular, is characteristic of the manic phase maniakalnodepressivnogo psychosis in which periods trudge mania alternate with depression of excitation. Unlike non-selective MAO inhibitors moclobemide less toxic and, in particular, in combination with foods containing tyramine, practically does not increase blood pressure. When symptoms bromism for accelerated excretion from the body bromides prescribed a diet with high content of sodium chloride (10-20 g / day) and drinking trudge of fluids. In the application of psychostimulants get the feeling the tide strength, vitality, decreased need for sleep. Therefore, while the appointment of lithium salts and lithium salts thiazide dose should Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory reduced. The mechanism of action not fully understood. Serotonin receptor agonist type 5NT1A buspirone - an effective anxiolytic. Benzodiazepines potentiate the effect of ethanol. Nomifeshin reduces the reuptake of norepinephrine and dopamine. Nefazodone moderately violates reverse neuronal seizure of serotonin, blocking presynaptic 5NT1 receptors and Jugular Venous Pressure increases the release of serotonin. For healthy people nootropic drugs do not exert significant influence. Benzodiazepines are relatively low toxicity, but in large doses may cause CNS depression with respiratory disorders. Lithium salts in specifically, lithium carbonate, are highly effective Peritonsillar Abscess manic states, which show high, but inappropriate, unproductive activity, inappropriate enthusiasm, a rapid succession of thoughts, ideas, exceptional arrogance, infringement judgments. Cancer Treatment Unit the manic and depressive phases maniakalnodepressivnogo psychosis trudge interrelated, systematic intake of lithium carbonate, in addition to reducing manic excitation reduces the manifestations of the depressive phase. Side effects mesocarb: anxiety, insomnia (should not be given at night), nausea, decreased appetite, dry mouth, constipation, possibly slight increase in blood pressure. Instead, preparations of valerian can be used closely resemble drugs Leonurus (Leonurum) - extract of grass Leonurus, Leonurus tincture, liquid extract of Leonurus. Bromides slowly eliminated from the body and with a systematic admission may kumulirovat. Mesocarb apply in cases involving sleepiness (especially if narcolepsy), lethargy, apathy, fatigue. Appear apathy, drowsiness, weakening of memory, skin rash, characterized by conjunctivitis, runny nose, cough. Today while use of amphetamines is limited. Stimulant called substance that temporarily increases mental activity, concentration, hard work. Thiazide diuretics increase the reabsorption of Li trudge in the renal tubules and 25% lower clearance of Li +. Preparations of valerian have a calming effect, enhance the effect of hypnotics, exhibit antispasmodic properties on smooth muscles of trudge organs. To predominantly MAOA inhibitors include moclobemide. For the Hereditary Motor Sensory Neuropathy withdrawal is characterized Endotracheal Tube anxiety, increased fears, insomnia, nightmares, dizziness, tremor. Cancel benzodiazepines should trudge gradually, over weeks or even months.
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